Hybrid SD modulators with adaptive calibration

Abstract

This paper describes an architecture for stable high-order SD modulation. The architecture is based on a hybrid SD modulator, wherein hybrid integrators replace conventional analog integrators. The hybrid integrator, which is a combination of an analog integrator and a digital integrator, offers an increased dynamic range and helps make the resulting high-order SD modulator stable. However, the hybrid EA modulator relies on precise matching of analog and digital paths. In this paper, a calibration technique to alleviate possible mismatch between analog and digital paths is proposed. The calibration adaptively adjusts the digital integrators so that their transfer functions match the transfer functions of corresponding analog integrators. Through behavioral-level simulations of fourth-order SD modulators, the calibration technique is verified.