우리나라 중소기업의 전략변화와 기술능력 학습 -우리나라 전자부품 산업에 대한 사례연구-

Abstract

This study attempts to explore the evolution paths of Korean SMEs strategies and their technological learning processes. Several different evolution paths are identified based on a dynamic strategic group analysis of 115 SMEs strategy in the Korean electronic component industry for the period of 1990-1995. Further, indepth case analyses on technological learning processes in 5 firms are undertaken. Major findings of this study can be summarized as follows : 1) There are three dominant evolution paths in SMEs strategy. First path indicates the evolution from a subcontractor or petty imitator group(a strategic group with the narrow product/market domain and the low level of accumulated resource/capabilities) into an innovator group(a strategic group with the narrow domain but high level of technological capability) by accumulating technological capabilities. Second, some firms move from a subcontractor group into a generalizer group(a strategic group with broad product/market domain but relatively low level of technological capability) by simply adding product lines. Third path involves firms which evolve from a subcontractor group into a production focus group(a strategic group with high level of production capability) by investing in production capabilities. 2) An in-depth case analysis shows those who succeeded in technological learning are managed by CEOs, who have technological expertise and strategic vision, and have made an effort to establish management practices to support innovation, such employee educational program, performance-based reward system, etc. The successful firms also aggressively pursue diverse external linkages with outside technology sources to learn product and process technologies. Finally, this study discusses several implications of the findings for the theoretical development and strategic management of small firms in Korea.