Mobility and traffic analyses in three-dimensional indoor environments

Abstract

In this dissertation, we are concerned with the issues on mobility and traffic analyses in three-dimensional (3-D) indoor environments considering in-building structures such as outer walls, gates, staircases, and elevators. First, we propose a 3-D mobility model on the intermediate floors of buildings by extending our two-dimensional model suggested in [34],[36]. We here assume that users move horizontally or vertically in the staircase region and they move horizontally in the floor region. We extend the Engset blocking probability model and suggest a blocking probability model with mobility when the blocking probability constraint is given. We first obtain mobility associated with the mean number of handoffs for each cell and then separately evaluate the blocking probability of each cell because mobility and the number of users for each cell depend on cell types. Second, we propose a 3-D mobility model in multi-story buildings by considering the proper boundary conditions caused by outer walls and a gate and by extending horizontal/vertical motions. We model mobility more realistically with these boundary conditions and horizontal/vertical motions. We extend the Engset blocking probability model and suggest a blocking probability model with mobility including boundary conditions. Third, we propose a moving elevator cell system in high-rise buildings providing seamless handoffs and eliminating inter-floor handoffs. Also the required number of channels can be reduced under the heavy traffic conditions by combining a waiting region on every floor into an elevator cell in a FCA scheme. We model the movements of an elevator and users, and both the S- and the P-systems are compared using traffic analysis with mobility during a heavy traffic period. The performance of both the S- and P-systems is compared in terms of a cost function which considers both handoff failures due to unavoidable delays prior to handoff completions and blockings/handoff failures due to in...