ARK: Fully Homomorphic Encryption Accelerator with Runtime Data Generation and Inter-Operation Key Reuse

Cited 18 time in webofscience Cited 0 time in scopus
  • Hit : 522
  • Download : 0
Homomorphic Encryption (HE) is one of the most promising post-quantum cryptographic schemes that enable privacy-preserving computation on servers. However, noise accumulates as we perform operations on HE-encrypted data, restricting the number of possible operations. Fully HE (FHE) removes this restriction by introducing the bootstrapping operation, which refreshes the data; however, FHE schemes are highly memory-bound. Bootstrapping, in particular, requires loading GBs of evaluation keys and plaintexts from offchip memory, which makes FHE acceleration fundamentally bottlenecked by the off-chip memory bandwidth.In this paper, we propose ARK, an Accelerator for FHE with Runtime data generation and inter-operation Key reuse. ARK enables practical FHE workloads with a novel algorithm-architecture co-design to accelerate bootstrapping. We first eliminate the off-chip memory bandwidth bottleneck through runtime data generation and inter-operation key reuse. This approach enables ARK to fully exploit on-chip memory by substantially reducing the size of the working set. On top of such algorithmic enhancements, we build ARK microarchitecture that minimizes on-chip data movement through an efficient, alternating data distribution policy based on the data access patterns and a streamlined dataflow organization of the tailored functional units - including base conversion, number-theoretic transform, and automorphism units. Overall, our codesign effectively handles the heavy computation and data movement overheads of FHE, drastically reducing the cost of HE operations, including bootstrapping.
Publisher
IEEE/ACM
Issue Date
2022-10-05
Language
English
Citation

The 55th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Microarchitecture, MICRO 2022, pp.1237 - 1254

ISSN
1072-4451
DOI
10.1109/MICRO56248.2022.00086
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10203/300884
Appears in Collection
EE-Conference Papers(학술회의논문)
Files in This Item
There are no files associated with this item.
This item is cited by other documents in WoS
⊙ Detail Information in WoSⓡ Click to see webofscience_button
⊙ Cited 18 items in WoS Click to see citing articles in records_button

qr_code

  • mendeley

    citeulike


rss_1.0 rss_2.0 atom_1.0