A Precise Lesion Localization System Using a Magnetometer With Real-Time Baseline Cancellation for Laparoscopic Surgery

Abstract

Laparoscopic surgery is a technique in which surgeons insert laparoscopic instruments into the body through a small incision and conduct surgical operations. It offers a shorter recovery period, less blood loss, and less postoperative pain than open surgeries. In order to maximize these benefits of this surgery technique, it is important to localize the lesion accurately without palpation, minimizing the surgical area. It is because surgeons cannot palpate the organ during laparoscopic surgeries. For accurate localization, we propose a lesion localization system (LLS). This adopts an endoscopic clip with a small-size magnet as a marker and an improved magnetometer as a probe for measuring the magnetic field from the magnet. The magnetometer, which consists of two Hall sensors, can cancel out the fluctuating magnetic baseline mainly caused by external environments so that it can detect a smaller change in the target magnetic field. As a result, the LLS improves the detection range up to 40 mm while using a weak magnet with a small volume of 17.1 mm(3), which is compatible with the use of commercial clip appliers. An error of less than 0.1% is achieved at a distance of 40 mm, and the maximum error is kept below 6% even when the rotation angle is varied to +/- 90 degrees. This LLS does not cause discomfort to the surgery operation because it uses a marker small enough and does not require external coils.