Applications of CRISPR/Cas System to Bacterial Metabolic Engineering

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The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated (CRISPR/Cas) adaptive immune system has been extensively used for gene editing, including gene deletion, insertion, and replacement in bacterial and eukaryotic cells owing to its simple, rapid, and efficient activities in unprecedented resolution. Furthermore, the CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) system including deactivated Cas9 (dCas9) with inactivated endonuclease activity has been further investigated for regulation of the target gene transiently or constitutively, avoiding cell death by disruption of genome. This review discusses the applications of CRISPR/Cas for genome editing in various bacterial systems and their applications. In particular, CRISPR technology has been used for the production of metabolites of high industrial significance, including biochemical, biofuel, and pharmaceutical products/precursors in bacteria. Here, we focus on methods to increase the productivity and yield/titer scan by controlling metabolic flux through individual or combinatorial use of CRISPR/Cas and CRISPRi systems with introduction of synthetic pathway in industrially common bacteria including Escherichia coli. Further, we discuss additional useful applications of the CRISPR/Cas system, including its use in functional genomics.
Publisher
MDPI
Issue Date
2018-04
Language
English
Article Type
Review
Keywords

DYNAMIC PATHWAY REGULATION; FATTY-ACIDS PRODUCTION; ZINC-FINGER NUCLEASES; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; CORYNEBACTERIUM-GLUTAMICUM; GENE-EXPRESSION; CLOSTRIDIUM-BEIJERINCKII; CAS SYSTEMS; SYNTHETIC BIOLOGY; HUMAN-CELLS

Citation

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES, v.19, no.4

ISSN
1422-0067
DOI
10.3390/ijms19041089
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10203/244333
Appears in Collection
BS-Journal Papers(저널논문)
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