Electrical Stimulation in Hippocampus and Entorhinal Cortex Impairs Spatial and Temporal Memory

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The medial temporal lobe (MTL) is widely implicated in supporting episodic memory and navigation, but its precise functional role in organizing memory across time and space remains elusive. Here we examine the specific cognitive processes implemented by MTL structures (hippocampus and entorhinal cortex) to organize memory by using electrical brain stimulation, leveraging its ability to establish causal links between brain regions and features of behavior. We studied neurosurgical patients of both sexes who performed spatial-navigation and verbal-episodic memory tasks while brain stimulation was applied in various regions during learning. During the verbal memory task, stimulation in the MTL disrupted the temporal organization of encoded memories such that items learned with stimulation tended to be recalled in a more randomized order. During the spatial task, MTL stimulation impaired subjects' abilities to remember items located far away from boundaries. These stimulation effects were specific to the MTL. Our findings thus provide the first causal demonstration in humans of the specific memory processes that are performed by the MTL to encode when and where events occurred.
Publisher
SOC NEUROSCIENCE
Issue Date
2018-05
Language
English
Article Type
Article
Keywords

PARAHIPPOCAMPAL PLACE AREA; DEEP-BRAIN-STIMULATION; FREE-RECALL; EPISODIC MEMORY; SERIAL POSITION; DISTRIBUTED REPRESENTATION; COMPLEMENTARY ROLES; TIME CELLS; CONTEXT; RETRIEVAL

Citation

JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE, v.38, no.19, pp.4471 - 4481

ISSN
0270-6474
DOI
10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3049-17.2018
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10203/242337
Appears in Collection
BiS-Journal Papers(저널논문)
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