Writing, erasing and reading histone lysine methylations

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Histone modifications are key epigenetic regulatory features that have important roles in many cellular events. Lysine methylations mark various sites on the tail and globular domains of histones and their levels are precisely balanced by the action of methyltransferases ('writers') and demethylases ('erasers'). In addition, distinct effector proteins ('readers') recognize specific methyl-lysines in a manner that depends on the neighboring amino-acid sequence and methylation state. Misregulation of histone lysine methylation has been implicated in several cancers and developmental defects. Therefore, histone lysine methylation has been considered a potential therapeutic target, and clinical trials of several inhibitors of this process have shown promising results. A more detailed understanding of histone lysine methylation is necessary for elucidating complex biological processes and, ultimately, for developing and improving disease treatments. This review summarizes enzymes responsible for histone lysine methylation and demethylation and how histone lysine methylation contributes to various biological processes.
Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
Issue Date
2017-04
Language
English
Article Type
Review
Keywords

MIXED-LINEAGE LEUKEMIA; EMBRYONIC STEM-CELLS; RNA-POLYMERASE-II; LINKED MENTAL-RETARDATION; ACUTE MYELOID-LEUKEMIA; H3K9 METHYLTRANSFERASE G9A; RESISTANT PROSTATE-CANCER; POLYCOMB GROUP PROTEIN; CXXC FINGER PROTEIN-1; TUMOR-SUPPRESSOR GENE

Citation

EXPERIMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE, v.49

ISSN
1226-3613
DOI
10.1038/emm.2017.11
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10203/224900
Appears in Collection
BS-Journal Papers(저널논문)
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