Life cycle assessment and life cycle cost analysis of roof waterproofing systems for reinforced concrete building

Abstract

This study provides the results of a life cycle assessment(LCA) and Life cycle cost(LCC) analysis of roof waterproofing systems for reinforced concrete buildings by applying this architectural model for the first time: asphalt waterproofing system (C1), synthetic polymer-based sheet (C2), improved asphalt waterproofing system (C3), liquid applied membrane waterproofing system (C4), combinational waterproofing system1 (N1, Metal sheet + asphalt sheet), and combinational waterproofing system2 (N2, liquid applied membrane + asphalt sheet). For accurate and realistic LCA results, a life cycle inventory (LCI) was assembled to minimum units of material compositions and real data of compositions of waterproofing materials was used. Comparing only materials and energy needed for waterproofing systems per square meter, C1 > N2 > C4 > N1 > C2 > C3 in this order were used more for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions during the construction phase. However, applying to the roof of the actual architectural model according to each specifications, the order was changed to C1 > C4 > C3 > N2 > N1 > C2 in the construction phase. And assessed over - all life cycle considered C4 > C1 > C3 > N2 > C2 > N1 in order were more for Greenhouse gas emissions. Consequently, N1 and C2 generated comparatively less greenhouse gas emissions than other waterproofing systems. GHG emissions from the maintenance phase accounted for 71.4%~78.3% of emissions of the among whole life cycle. The results show that precise component analysis for each construction material and careful review of specifications and durability data for each waterproofing system must be considered for conducting a LCA of waterproofing systems. The results of the LCC analysis, as applied to the architectural model, has a similar tendency to the results of the LCA. Therefore, for selection of waterproofing systems, the amount of $CO_2$ emissions and the total cost from all life cycle phases (construction-maintenance-disposal) must ...