Asymptotic flocking dynamics of Cucker-Smale particles immersed in compressible fluids

Abstract

We propose a coupled system for the interaction between Cucker-Smale ocking particles and viscous compressible fluids, and present a global existence theory and time-asymptotic behavior for the proposed model in the spatial periodic domain T3. Our model consists of the kinetic Cucker-Smale model for flocking particles and the isentropic compressible Navier-Stokes equations for fluids, and these two models are coupled through a drag force, which is responsible for the asymptotic alignment between particles and fluid. For the asymptotic flocking behavior, we explicitly construct a Lyapunov functional measuring the deviation from the asymptotic flocking states. For a large viscosity and small initial data, we show that the velocities of Cucker-Smale particles and fluids are asymptotically aligned to the common velocity.