Femtosecond pulse lasers offer breakthroughs in precision metrology particularly in the fields of time, distance and spectroscopy. This advance attracts much attention to extend today’s space missions by improving the precision of remote sensing and control capabilities. In this presentation, we introduce how femtosecond lasers are being investigated for space explorations in the near future. Special emphasis is given to address the noble methods for absolute distance measurements and multi-functional spectroscopy, which are expected to be soon available with enhanced resolutions and ranges for the next generation space missions.