Material and Thickness Investigation in Ferromagnet/Ta/CoFeB Trilayers for Enhancement of Spin-Orbit Torque and Field-Free Switching

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Spin-orbit torques (SOTs) in ferromagnet (FM)/Ta/CoFeB trilayers are investigated as a function of Ta thickness. When the Ta is thinner than 1.5 nm, the sign of the SOT exerting on the top perpendicularly magnetized CoFeB depends on the bottom FM layer; it is positive for NiFe and negative for CoFeB. As the Ta thickness increases, the sign becomes negative irrespective of the bottom FM, indicating that SOTs are dominated by Ta, which has a negative spin Hall angle. SOT-induced switching without an in-plane magnetic field is observed in the thickness ranges where the bottom FM or FM/Ta interface-generated SOT is dominant. The results herein demonstrate that proper design of an FM/heavy metal combination and the material thickness can lead to an enhancement of the SOT efficiency and allow for field-free SOT switching.
Publisher
WILEY
Issue Date
2019-12
Language
English
Article Type
Article
Citation

ADVANCED ELECTRONIC MATERIALS, v.5, no.12, pp.1900598

ISSN
2199-160X
DOI
10.1002/aelm.201900598
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10203/270019
Appears in Collection
MS-Journal Papers(저널논문)
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