Design Criteria for Haemodialysis Patients Based on Self-Weight-Management Behaviour

Abstract

Background Managing weight is very important for haemodialysis patients during the inter-dialysis period. However, many patients have difficulty managing their weight by themselves. The self-management of weight is left to the patients, and it is difficult for doctors or other specialists to intervene. User-centred design can help patients to self-manage their weight in everyday life. In this study, a behaviour process model suitable for self-management of weight of haemodialysis patients was developed based on user-centred design methodology and health behaviour theory. Possibilities for the design of further products and services are discussed. Methods Interviews with haemodialysis patients were conducted in order to identify their current weight-management behaviours. The interview data were coded and analysed using a coding scheme based on the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA), a health behaviour theory. Results First, the characteristics of the haemodialysis patients’ weight-management behaviours were identified based on the HAPA. Second, a behaviour process model was built from the results of the empirical research. The model is deemed appropriate to explain the self-weight-management behaviours of haemodialysis patients. Third, the behaviour process model was used as the basis for further design directions regarding the self-management of weight for haemodialysis patients. The design directions were discussed in terms of the functions that would help achieve the desired behaviours. Conclusions This study integrates behaviour theory into design research for understanding the behaviours and needs of haemodialysis patients with respect to the self-management of weight. The understanding is used as a basis for generating new design ideas. The results of the study can be used as a guide for designing new products or services for weight management of haemodialysis patients.