Metabolic Engineering Strategies for the Enhanced Microalgal Production of Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (LC-PUFAs)

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Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs), largely obtained from fish oil, serve as valuable dietary supplements with many health benefits, especially arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid. In recent years, interest in the sustainable production of LC-PUFAs using heterologous production hosts has drastically increased because overfishing and polluted oceans have led to a gradual decline in the supply of LC-PUFAs from fish oil in the last few decades. Some species of microalgae have been considered to be an ideal producer of LC-PUFAs as they inherently accumulate large amounts of LC-PUFAs and utilize CO2 using light energy. Also, a growing number of genetic toolboxes have become available, and the microalgal cultivation process is amenable to a scale-up. In fact, tremendous progress has been achieved in the development of high-performance strains of microalgae through metabolic engineering that has led to the efficient production of fatty acids and various derivatives in the last decade. This review discusses metabolic engineering strategies that have contributed to the enhanced production of LC-PUFAs using microalgae, including optimizing fatty acid biosynthetic pathway and intracellular supply of precursors and cofactors, as well as engineering transcription factors.
Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
Issue Date
2019-06
Language
English
Article Type
Review
Citation

BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL, v.14, no.6

ISSN
1860-6768
DOI
10.1002/biot.201900043
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10203/263118
Appears in Collection
CBE-Journal Papers(저널논문)
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