Provided is a data transmission system that may determine a multiple input multiple output dynamic spectrum management (MIMO-DSM) operation mode of a base station based on information associated with a data transmission route and a computational capability of each base station. A terminal may generate feedback information based on a cooperation level between base stations and may transmit the generated feedback information to a serving base station. The serving base station may select terminals that may receive data from among a plurality of terminals through a MIMO-DSM algorithm and a user scheduling based on the feedback information.