조선후기 서울 삼문(三門) 밖 지역의 특성

Abstract

Urban space of Hanyang was segregated by classes during the Chosun Period. There were exclusive quarters for noble persons, middle class professionals and commoners. The areas outside Three Gates, however, were mixed in residency. Residents of the areas outside Three Gates were mixed because the area was located outside of city wall[城底十里]. State power to control the way the people are different, depending on living space in the early Chosun Dynasty. Residents who live outside city wall had to pay the household tax belongs to Hanseongbu[漢城府]. On the other hand, lands which were located outside city wall had to devote land tax belongs to the local authorities. The residents who live outside city wall will received the dual control by the Hanseongbu and local authorities. However, since the late 17th century the areas outside Three Gates began to gradually dismantle these dual controls. The reason is because this areas has been progress in urbanization as a commercial and industrial center. The areas outside Three Gates was the point of convergence of major traffic arteries linking the Han River and the city of Hanyang. Nationwide collection and distribution of various goods and materials during the Chosun Period relied heavily on coastal navigation along the western coast of the Korean peninsula and the river route along the Han River into Hanyang. All the roads from these ports converged at the areas outside Three Gates. The areas outside Three Gates, therefore, was the gateway to Seoul in the national col-lection and distribution networks at the time. It was natural that the areas outside Three Gates accommodated huge market places like Chilpae Market[七牌市場] and Outside Seosomun Market[西小門外 市場]. Those markets became one of the top three market areas in Hanyang. The areas around the Three Gates also saw the development of craft industries: brassware foundry and smithy, publication of books, and carriage making. Also commercial agricultural activities like growing herbs, water crass and fruits developed out-side Three Gates. At the latter part of the 17th century, those people from countryside came to the capital and settled in the areas, adding diversity to the mixed population. The area outside Three Gates comprised the first district in what now is the city of Seoul to break away from the medieval order in Korea.