The Vietnam War and Medical Research: Untold Legacy of the US Doctor Draft and the NIH "Yellow Berets"

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Purpose From the outbreak of the Korean War in 1950 through the end of the Vietnam War in 1973, many American physicians were inducted into military service through the Doctor Draft. Some fulfilled their obligations by conducting clinical research in the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Associate Training Program (ATP) and later labeled themselves "Yellow Berets." The authors examined the history of the ATP and its influence on NIH associates' future careers. Method Via interviews with former associates and archival research, the authors explored the training and collaboration in the ATP during 1953-1973. Using databases, they compared later academic positions of associates with those of nonassociate peers who also entered academia and identified associates with prestigious awards or honorary society memberships. Results The physician-scientists trained in the selective ATP were highly qualified individuals who received training and networking opportunities not available to others. They were approximately 1.5 times as likely as nonassociates to become a full professor, twice as likely to become chair of a department, and three times as likely to become a dean. Associates were also more likely to hold positions at top-ranked medical schools, to fill leadership roles in the NIH, and to win prestigious awards and honorary society memberships. Conclusions The cadre of physician-scientists trained in the ATP during the Doctor Draft rose through the academic ranks to leadership roles and continued their productive scientific collaborations. Their legacy continues to have implications for medical research today, particularly for training programs in clinical research.
Publisher
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS WILKINS
Issue Date
2011-04
Language
English
Article Type
Article
Citation

ACADEMIC MEDICINE, v.86, no.4, pp.502 - 508

ISSN
1040-2446
DOI
10.1097/ACM.0b013e31820f1ed7
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10203/93871
Appears in Collection
STP-Journal Papers(저널논문)
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