Distributed location management with dynamic individual paging for mobile IP

Abstract

Mobile IP is a simple and scalable global mobility solution. However, it may cause excessive signaling traffic and long signaling delay. Mobile IP regional registration is proposed to reduce the number of location updates to the home network and the signaling delay, and there is the improved scheme with distributed gateway foreign agent(GFA). Paging extensions for Mobile IP is proposed to support paging to minimize the signaling overhead and optimize the mobility management performance, and the adaptive individual paging scheme optimizes the paging area of each mobile node(MN). This paper introduces a distributed location management with dynamic individual paging for Mobile IP networks to reduce the total signaling cost for location update and packet delivery. The proposed scheme takes advantage of the reginal registration to reduce the location registration cost and uses paging to allow an idle MN to be able to move around without location registration. In our scheme, the location registration is performed regionally to the distributed GFA and the dynamic individual paging adapts its area size to the mobility pattern of the individual MN. The movement of the MN is modeled with the fluid flow and the random walk movement and the total signaling cost function is evaluated to verify the performance. The paging area shaping scheme is also introduced. We consider the probability distribution of movement and packet arrival rate, and MN``s directional movement. By dividing the paging area with the concentric rings and six directional sectors, we obtain the probability that the MN is located in a subarea of the paging area. Using the probability, we set the priority to the subareas and shape the paging area by excluding the subarea as long as the increased location update cost is not larger than the decreased paging cost. Finally, we find the optimal size of paging area and the effective shape of paging area for given mobility pattern to minimize the signaling cost fo...