A Novel Control Technique to Reduce the Effects of Torsional Interaction in Wind Turbine System

Abstract

Though power electronic interface is prone to higher failure in wind turbine system (WTS), the failure downtime due to mechanical and generator malfunctioning is highest. Unforeseen electromechanical interactions caused due to dynamic load variation and transient torsional stress is a major cause for failures in the drive-train and generator in WTS. In the literature, several techniques, such as generator speed feedback, stress damping controller, and virtual inertia damping controller, have been proposed in regards to the problem stated. Though the techniques are promising, the factor of independent control of natural frequency and damping ratio has not been considered. This paper proposes speed difference damping controller (SDDC), which is a novel and improved control technique that decouples the two above-mentioned parameters and improves the electromechanical performance significantly, reducing the torsional vibration of the driveline. The controller gains are designed based on the derived two-inertia system model that is used to represent the first natural frequency torsional vibration. In this paper, theoretical analysis and control design of SDDC are articulately addressed. A detailed comparative study of SDDC is carried out with respect to the other proposed controllers. The modeled WTS is examined for the first torsional natural frequency under two extreme wind-input conditions, i.e., sinusoidal wind condition, wind impulse, and grid dynamic, and one real-wind test case scenario. For the experimental verification, a multimass test rig operating at the critical speed and dynamic impulse load variation is analyzed in parts.