Kinetic favorability of Ru-doped LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 for high-power lithium-ion batteries

Abstract

Pristine and Ru-doped LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 samples were synthesized using a simple carbon combustion method. Crystallographic analyses combining X-ray diffraction and Rietveld refinement confirmed that formation of the LixNil_O-x-like impurity phase is prevented and that the lattice parameter increases as a result of Ru doping. Furthermore, its structure is partially changed to the more disordered spinel phase (Fd3m). Both this structural change and the disappearance of the impurity phase greatly enhance the rate capability and cyclic retention of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4.